Digital Economic Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Advanced Economic - Essay Example It is beneficial to make reference to that Internet and cell phones are two separate substances in this worldwide condition of today. Web is interconnecting the nations and societies. Then again, cell phones are giving simplicity of availability. Consolidating the two advancements is drastically affecting today’s business houses and their techniques. While building up a 21st century business methodology, specialists are presently attempting to concentrate on the nature and conduct of target crowds or client gatherings. Today’s clients or potential clients are undeniably progressively lithe, educated, and dynamic over the informal organizations. Sites like Facebook, Top Ten Reviews, and so forth have expanded the extent of cooperation among clients and clients in an extraordinary way. In such conditions, a planner must think in an imaginative way, with the goal that he/she can make a positive impression of his/her organization the whole way across the Internet. For insta nce, an organization would now be able to build up its own application (an exceptionally compact type of programming application). This sort of modified programming utilities can be effortlessly introduced in cell phones (for example a tab or a cell phone). At that point, clients can without much of a stretch attempt or investigate the wares or offices that are being given by the organization concerned. Additionally, sites like Facebook permit business undertakings to make their devoted pages for exposure. Presently Zara is a major retailer of material and design items, which seems to have redirected from the general course of Internet-based business application advancement and vital modifications. It does constrained publicizing and purposeful publicity. This approach is kept up over the Internet as well. Recurrence of online promotions is significantly constrained by Zara. Be that as it may, this can be noted as an unpredictable impact of Internet/versatile advances. Since the greater part of the style retailers are currently excessively stressing on Internet and versatile advancements, Zara potentially needs to appear to be unique and arrive at its dedicated

Alcoholic Beverage and Energy Drink Essay Example for Free

Mixed Beverage and Energy Drink Essay The principle target of Hector Beverage Pvt ltd is to catch the market and situated the brand in the brain of the client. The principle focused on clients are school students,sports individual. Since the drink fragment is an expanded section . The opposition is high and there are a lot progressively incomparable brands and it is hard for another brand to catch the market. Affirmation No assignment whatever huge or little can be finished without appropriate direction and support. It gives us an extraordinary joy to our profound feeling of appreciation and worship to each individual who made a suitable environment for fruitful consummation of this venture. In doing this venture, I have been very special to get support from an enormous number of learned individuals. I am profoundly obliged to Mr Neeraj Kakkar (CEO), Mr James Paul Nattal (CFO), Mr Suhas Misra (COO), Miss Ujwala Mishra (HR EXECUTIVE ) Mr Gaurav Sharma (Area chief) for allowing me the chance to experience my undertaking in their regarded association and for giving their convenient proposals important direction. I might want to offer our thanks and significant gratitude to Mr Pravat Shrivastsv (Senior facilitator), Miss Shilpa Puri (Faculty), International Management Center, New Delhi for his important continued, direction, priceless proposals and steady support without which it would not have been feasible for us to finish this venture. Chapter by chapter list Topic| Page no. | Cover page| | Title page| | Certificate| | Acknowledgement| | Preface| | List of figures| | List of Tables| | Executive Summary| 7| Introduction of Report| 9| Company Profile| 11| Literature Review| 18| Objectives| 19| Research Methodology| 20| Findings AnalysisConclusion| 3435| Recommendations| 36| Limitations| 37| Biblography| 38| Annexture| 39| | LISTS OF FIGURES: List of Figures| List of Tables| Page No| Figure 1:Pie diagram for sexual orientation | Table 1| 22| Figure 2:Bar diagram for running over a vitality drink| Table 2| 23| Figure3:Bar chart for standard curstomer| Table 3| 24| Figure4: Bar graph for tasting vitality drink| Table 4| 25| Figure 5: Bar outline for tasting Tzinga| Table 5| 26| Figure 6: Bar diagram for new mindfulness about Tzinga| Table 6| 27| Figure7: Bar outline for rating Tzinga flaviur| Table 7| 28| Figure8: Bar graph for tzinga giving advantage| Table 8| 29| Figure9: Bar diagram of tzinga in some other flavour| Table 9| 30| Figure10:Bar graph for rating Tzinga agreement to price| Table 10| 31| Figure 11:Bar outline for comparision of Tzinga to other drinks| Table11| 32| |. | EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Hector Beverages carries new understanding to the Indian shopper. The organization have utilized some natuaral herbs which is useful for human wellbeing that rises up out of logical perception/investigation of nature and makes delectable refreshments, partner with driving organizations and characters. Take these examples is the first launch:Tzinga, lemon and mint flavor with regular herbs Gaurana and Zingsing. This item has a tasty taste of lemon mint with characteristic herbs Isolate with . Normal herbs are utilized to susstitute the measure of caffeine which is harmful to wellbeing . Its exceptional taste mekes it not quite the same as some other caffeinated drink. What's more, it has low measure of calories most reduced calories. It is ideal for dedicated days. They have these incredibly important items which are going to give them an upper hand over different items. Presentation The current world is quick moving world individuals are exceptionally occupied and don't have the opportunity to take legitimate feast and expend for the most part low quality nourishment which are high in calorie substance and terrible for wellbeing. it brings about a wide range of issue. Because of high admission of low quality nourishments and low utilization of high supplement esteem food individuals are experiencing increasingly more alments. so as to remain solid and fit ,individuals should take legitimate wholesome substance food. So Hector Beverage have propelled new caffeinated drink which has totally new flavor like lemon and mint which is totally drink from other enrgy drink. Hector is for the most part focusing on understudies and office representatives. So Hector is leading numerous limited time exercises to make a mindfulness So the primary target of Hector Beverage is to Create brand mindfulness for Tzinga. Presentation OF PROJECT Beverage industry is one of the quickly developing ventures in India . it tends to be partitioned into two segments I. e. carbonated and non-carbonated. the carbonated beverages that can be additionally characterized into cola, lemon orange, mango and apple sections. Showcasing incorporates all the exercises like advancement, dispersion, promoting and so on. To satisfy all the fragments of buyers. Promoting is additionally to change over social needs into productive chances. So this theme gives all the fundamentals to hypothetical information with pragmatic information and to teach the effectiveness. It is additionally prerequisite for the organization to improve their administration and item quality for accomplishing their definitive objective. Refreshments can be arranged into 2 sorts ALCHOHOLIC BEVERAGE A mixed drink is a beverage containingethanol, normally known as liquor. Mixed drinks are separated into three general classes: brews wines, and spirits. Liquor is a psychoactive medication that has a depressanteffect. A high blood liquor content is generally viewed as legitimate inebriation since it diminishes attentionand eases back response speed. Liquor can be addictive, and the condition of addictionto liquor is known as liquor addiction. The creation and utilization of liquor happens in many societies of the world, from tracker gatherer people groups to country states. Mixed refreshments are frequently a significant piece of get-togethers in these societies. In numerous societies, drinkingplays a noteworthy job in social association †essentially in light of alcohol’s neurological impacts. NONALCHOLIC BEVERAGE A non-mixed drink is a beveragethat contains under 0. 5% liquor by volume. Non-alcoholic forms of somealcoholic refreshments, for example, non-jazzed up brew (close to lager) and cocktails(mocktails), are generally accessible where mixed drinks are sold.alcoholic wine experience a liquor evacuation process that may leave a modest quantity of liquor. Along these lines, a few states have lawful limitations on non-fermented lager and wine. | Association PROFILE HECTOR BEVERAGES The drink contributions in the created world are such a great amount of better than those in the creating scene. Drinks in the US and Europe are a significant conveyance component for supplements (full scale, similar to protein and smaller scale nutrients and minerals) while in the creating nations they are minimal more than (as we have noted) improved bubbly water. Hector Beverage Pvt Ltd. is here to overcome any barrier, to challenge the refreshment majors and their endeavors to keep up the state of affairs which they have been accomplishing for all the years they have been doing business. The drink game will undoubtedly change, to improve things and Hector plans to be the individuals doing it Hector is a refreshment organization with a bend. Presently that doesn't generally imply that Hectors items have a scramble of lemon (some of them, later on mayindeed however that is well unimportant). The contort is that Hectors refreshments are significant. Hector refreshments accepts, and accept with a ton of power, that drinks must be more than bubbly, improved/seasoned water. Overall refreshments contribute a ton to the purchasers wellbeing conveying large scale supplements (protein) and small scale (nutrients and minerals) and there is no motivation behind why that ought not be the situation in the creating scene. Indeed, no explanation separated from the way that the refreshment monsters have a personal stake in supporting the norm as that holds cost down. Hector refreshments is the tenderfoot that means to take on the refreshment majors by offering genuine incentive to the buyer that is it, so straightforward simply solid, delectable beverages, no superstars, no Santa Claus, no ringers, no whistles. Hector partners itself with this story. As it is an extremely little player, new one additionally, in an industry which is so ruled by significant players like Coke and Pepsi, it despite everything accepts that it will endure and win clients. Hector is aware of what are the key weaknesses of the current drink players-their latency, and conceit and their pledge to business as usual. Along these lines, Hector Beverages believe that this Hector Vs Achilles will likewise be a challenge of memorable extents, yet with an essentially unique result MISSION Hectors statement of purpose is as per the following: 3 our main goal is to serve individuals by Quality, Healthy and scrumptious protein drink. VISION Hectors vision is to catch Delhi and NCR advertise by giving quality, sound and delicious protein drink at an appropriate cost to keep individuals solid and fit. Qualities We considered this and chose to have this segment not on the grounds that each organization appears to have something sensibly rich to state on its qualities. We understood this is the start of separation and our qualities to us are only a portion of the basic things that energize us. As some writer, overlooked savagely by writing must have apropos noted: with progressively self-serving rubbish we won't bore further thee in any case, rather, simply spread out for your perusing delight our qualities three. 1. Dauntlessness: For clear reasons. another business is in any case extreme. The way that we would be taking on the Beverage Behemoths makes it considerably all the more energizing. We love planning for an impressive future and are in it since we need to request that the large young men ready and waiting 2. Pulling for the longshot: The dark horse can’t however invest more energy. As the true blue dark horse in the refreshment advertise we have a personal stake in pulling for the longshot. 3. Respectability: All flippancy aside, we are focused on the more noteworthy regular great and enduringly so. Organization HIGHLIGHTS The firm has begun its activity to satisfy the need of the market portion that despite everything have not been satisfying appropriately. Hector Beverages brings solid, scrumptious refreshments to the Indian buyer. The organization

Reading More Translated Books Will Make You a Better Person

Reading More Translated Books Will Make You a Better Person One of my literary New Years resolutions was to read more works in translation, and so far, Ive done pretty well. According to my records, nearly 50% of my reading has been translated fiction. Why did I make this one of my resolutions? Because reading a book that wasnt written in my native language, by someone whose culture Im probably unfamiliar with, will help make me a better person. Now, Im no la-dee-dautopia-flowers-unicorns-loooooooove-sparkly-stars! kind of girl. As you know. But I do know, from my own experience and from reading essays and posts by translators, as well as articles and introductions by translated writers, that the very act of translation is a bridging of (seemingly disparate) cultures. Of course, American culture is different from French culture is different from Indonesian culture, etc. Ultimately, though, we are all plain ol humans, and humans have some, you know, cross-cultural/national/ethnic similarities. We all love, hate, fight, care for one another, dream, and above all, tell stories. When we read a translated text, were stepping into another country and its history, with all of its traditions, songs, wars, art, religion(s), and languages/dialects. Just the simple act of reading about, for example, a young girls experience growing up in Northern Ireland, or a middle-aged man remembering his boyhood in Communist-era Bulgaria, forces us to confront that which were (probably) clueless about. But isnt it always more comfortable to read about what you know? Isnt it easier to stay locked up in a bubble of sameness and recognition? Well, as Book Riot has pointed out many times, reading about the experiences of people who dont look like you will make you a better reader and a better person. Youll further develop such basically human traits as compassion, tolerance, and understanding. You may not run outside and join hands with all of humanity and sing, but at least youll recognize that its at least more interesting when we all share our different experiences. To be clear, no ones offered me the Nobel Peace Prize, and I dont think I should be crowned with laurel and hoisted up on shoulders and declared awesome. Rather, Im saying that immersing myself recently in the texts of Japanese, Bulgarian, Finnish, and Polish writers has forced me out of my comfort zone. Ive learned about post-war Japan (Red Girls), Communist-era Bulgaria (The Physics of Sorrow), Finnish fantasy/magical realism (The Rabbit-Back Literature Society), and Polish sci-fi (Nest of Worlds,  The Old Axolotl) in ways I never would have from simply learning the facts about these countries in school. And Im stressing fiction here (though I do need to get back into poetry, as well) because the ways in which we humans tell stories reveals our differing worldviews but also brings us together. I can now, for instance, talk to my friend who recently moved back to Japan about contemporary authors that she reads, and about how theyre received in their home country. We can discuss how translation has changed/enriched the text that we both read, just in different languages. I plan to continue reading translated fiction and getting in your faces about how awesome these books are so youll read them, too. The more we read in translation, the more well get of it here in the U.S. So read more books in translation. Support publishers who bring us those books. Lets do this. ____________________ Follow us on Twitter for more bookish goodness!

How Can Bim Technology Assist in Optimising the Life Cycle...

Paper for the 16th Pacific Rim Real Estate Society Conference Wellington, New Zealand 24-27 January 2010. How can BIM Technology assist in optimising the Life Cycle Cost of a Building? By Francis Pf Lai, Dulani Halvitigala, John Boon, Roger Birchmore Department of Construction, Unitec New Zealand Abstract The complexity of a modern construction project, especially in a fast track environment, necessities the use of Building Information Management (BIM) system to manage such a project to provide the necessary probable cost outcomes of alternative designs ahead of the actual construction times. The visualization of such alternative designs through ‘prototyping’ design solutions has the definite advantage of identifying†¦show more content†¦The full Ecotect analysis is then applied to the design to capture the effects to the building over time by simulated visualized outcomes in the form of 2D drawings representing the differing time spans of the life of the building. The benefits of using BIM in modern construction project management have been well recognized. Eastman et al (2008)[7], for instance, have described the use of BIM for developing models that enable computational based analysis and simulation to be undertaken. Soubra (2008)[8] has discussed the ability of BIM to model â€Å"comforts† including thermal, visual, acoustic and air quality. Vaizidou (2007)[9] has highlighted the benefit of BIM’s modelling technique in using the x-y-z axes for representations of time line: project tasks: design outputs in projects. The concept of the x-y-z axes, which will be discussed to a fuller detail later in this paper, is of particular relevance as it illustrates the simple idea of representation of the outcomes from Ecotect applications. The use of BIM techniques has therefore achieved widespread commercial use in building designs. â€Å"The Contractors’ Guide to BIM† published by The American General Contractors Association[10] identifies BIM as a tool that enables the construction industry to: â€Å"more efficiently operate in new and increasingly expeditious ways. Initially, BIM and 3D models have primarily helped eliminate design conflicts with farShow MoreRelatedSwot Analysis Finance Department Accounts Department13110 Words   |  53 Pages ...................... 35 Vision ...................... 36 2013–2014 STRATEGY AND BUSINESS PLAN 1 FOREWORD FROM CHAIRMAN AND CEO Welcome to this BRANZ 2013–14 Strategy and Business Plan, foreshadowing a busy year for the building and construction industry and for BRANZ as its independent research organisation. This plan continues to build on the strategic intent agreed by the BRANZ Board and Executive Team at their combined retreat in late 2011, resolving that BRANZ

What You Dont Know About Write College Papers for Money Could Be Costing to More Than You Think

What You Don't Know About Write College Papers for Money Could Be Costing to More Than You Think Our college essay writing services are targeted at providing you the professional. Take a look at sources that you truly use. Each time you see our website and ask us to compose my essays, we are more than content to assist you with that and assist during the entire procedure. You should discover different places where you could carry out your research, for example the neighborhood library. At precisely the same time, it's still true that you have to repeat the work multiple times to enhance the standard of your content. Paper work is a complicated and large-scale written work you've ever had to perform for tutors. The Number One Question You Must Ask for Write College Papers for Money To start with, you should make sure that you learn more about their writers. When writers work with urgent deadlines, they must work additional hours since they are not able to miss deadlines for different orders. Our writers study the essay for absence of borrowing, in other words, plagiarism. They are not an exception. Our company is prepared to offer college paper writing. All you need to do is to speak to us today. At any time you require assistance with college paper, you're welcome. On the web, there are scores of companies where you are able to hire academic papers writers who will aid you with your essays. After all, it's just a paper you should finish by a particular deadline. What's more, you are going to find out how to develop different speech drafts and ideas really quickly. How many pages it is essential to write and what the last deadline is. You might want to have the remainder of your college papers done here. Choosing Good Write College Papers for Money There may be all sorts of unique reasons for deciding to use a paper writing service, including for the simple fact that it's a lot easier and provides you a superb possibility of obtaining a high excellent mark for the part of work that's handed in. There are times that you chance to have plenty of school work to be submitted in a short time period. Now you can obtain an important quantity of time to do anything you want, especially rest after a hard academic moment. Especially when besides the simple fact that there's no moment, there is not any inspiration! After all, when you understand well what you're referring to, it's easier that you provide a speech. If you've made the choice to purchase college paper, trust us with the work, and you'll be back for more! Despite this kind of unpromising start, today it's so a lot more than that. If you're talking about your future then you need ton't put money as the top priority to contemplate when you hire a person to write your papers. Most writers will merely have a day or a couple of hours to get started. Who don't have sufficient time or interest to finish their college papers. Sometimes, it's sufficient to locate a couple of helpful life hacks to conserve a couple of hours on homework. There are a number of folks who write papers for money, but you need to find. Write College Papers for Money - the Story The earlier you want to get a comprehensive paper, the greater the price will be. When you complete the purchase form, you will take note of the last price of the job. As you already understood, we're prepared to finish the order even in a quick moment. After you have placed your purchase, you can settle back and relax. When you choose to employ a person to compose a paper for money online, you're giving yourself the opportunity to work on other assignments and tasks that you have to finish all on your own. What you have to do is to fill out the purchase form, make a payment, and in a couple minutes, you'll get your private essay helper. Paper work is on the basis of scientific data, taken from an assortment of sources, practical material of enterprises and assorted companies. You can rest assured that each one of the custom papers that we write are plagiarism-free When employing a service for custom paper writing, you need to be sure to use one which is going to make certain that your bit of work will be completely and utterly free of plagiarism.

Real vs Reality TV Free Essays

string(50) " The numbers climb out of the ring as fast as in\." Television has become a â€Å"member† of almost every single family on our planet. And not just an ordinary member, but a very important one, because the time spent next to it exceeds the amount of time spent together with any other family member. You do not have to apply any efforts to talk or listen to complaints while â€Å"communicating† with it. We will write a custom essay sample on Real vs Reality TV or any similar topic only for you Order Now You do not have to play with your little son after a hard working day. You are SO tired! Can anybody respect that? You can simply turn the TV on and everything is done. The kids are quiet, your significant other is not complaining. It is so simple that it has become an integral part of the culture of every family. It is the only time, when a person can forget about all the family troubles and the failures of the day. The sofa opposite the TV set has become the place of â€Å"reconciliation and spiritual unity† of the family. And what is it that we’re watching? Is it an educational or discovery channel? Although some might, the majority of the shows we consume are reality shows. But â€Å"what is reality television? † one might ask. Reality TV is defined by MSN Encarta as â€Å"television programs that present people in live, though often deliberately manufactured, situations and monitor their emotions and behavior. † Within this genre of television are subgenres such as Game or Elimination, Talent, Talk, Makeover, Documentary, and Spoofs. It was first introduced by Allen Flunt’s 1948 program Candid Camera. The show involved concealing cameras filming ordinary people being confronted with unusual situations, sometimes involving trick props, such as a desk with drawers that pop open when one is closed or a car with a hidden extra gas tank. When the joke was revealed, victims would be told the show’s catch phrase, â€Å"Smile, you’re on Candid Camera. † The show became a top rated TV show in both network runs and syndication. Reality television enjoyed a renewed popularity in the 2000s with shows like American Idol that featured an interactive aspect, asking viewers to call in to vote for favorites. Today you cannot turn the television on without coming across reality television. The final ratings for the 2009-2010 television seasons show that reality TV lead the pack and bring up the rear end. It is everywhere and although it has spread in popularity there is often more negative remarks made against it than positive. Critics of reality TV often argue that the shows promote sex, drinking, violence and racism. Although reality TV may be fun to watch, it is very dangerous for teenagers who don’t have set morals and self-identities. Reality TV is questionable because of the messages some of the shows depict. While these messages can have an effect on everyone who views them, the audience that may be the most susceptible is teenagers. The most contested issues are whether reality TV is, in fact, â€Å"reality† and whether teenagers may develop perceptions from the reality shows that may lead to poor choices and negative consequences. In a 2004 issue of â€Å"Pediatrics,† Rebecca L. Collins, senior behavioral scientist at the RAND Corp. , and her colleagues presented the results of a survey that measured the amount of sexual explicit television that teenagers watched and how much sexual experience the teenagers had had at a one-year follow up survey. They found that teenage exposure to sexual content on television shows increased the likelihood of initiating sexual acts and the effect of shows that depicted sexual behaviors and those that just discussed sex had the same effect on teenage audiences. Similarly, in a 2008 edition of â€Å"Pediatrics,† Anita Chandra, a behavioral scientist at the RAND Corp. , and her colleagues released the results of a survey conducted over a three-year period that measured teenagers’ exposure to sexual content on television and any resulting first-hand experience with pregnancy. They found that teenagers who regularly watch television programs containing a significant amount of sexual behavior are two times more likely to become pregnant or impregnate someone than those teenagers who do not watch programs with sexual content. Reality TV is also dangerous because of the way it depicts the characters as heavy drinkers. Many programs include segments that show the main characters drinking, partying and engaging in rambunctious behavior, but they often fail to show to the consequences that the characters must face for these actions. When teenagers see these types of behaviors, they might be led to believe that they too should consume large amounts of alcohol and act in a similar manner. Television violence in reality TV is another major concern. Studies show that the amount of violence that is watched on television affects the amount of aggression and violence displayed in the individual (Fernandez, Roberto, Juan and Amy 137). Reality shows such as The Bad Girls Club and The Real World have more than its share of the violence. The target viewers for MTV are ages twelve to thirty three, this demographic makes up approximately thirty three percent of the U. S. population (Smith 89). Thirteen year olds are already susceptible to influence, and are more at risk to be adversely affected by violent television than are those of later years (Comstock 1205). If life is really like it is depicted to be on an episode of The Bad Girls Club, the average person should wake up to a side of pointless fight, brunch to a cussing war, and eat supper around the time someone breaks a nose. Studies of US television airings discovered that there was a consistent rate of five to six violent acts per hour (Fernandez, Roberto, Juan and Amy 137). In watching an episode of the Ultimate Fighter, one can expect to see at least twenty to thirty violent acts within the thirty minute airing with three minute commercial interruptions. Arriving at twenty to thirty violent acts in an episode is when you only count each individual match as one act. The numbers climb out of the ring as fast as in. You read "Real vs Reality TV" in category "Essay examples" If this is what young adolescents are taking is as â€Å"reality† than it is no wonder there are problems with violence and aggression in schools and on the streets. In a behavioral science study, it was stated that â€Å"Aggression [†¦ is the product of social categorization† and that it is not a natural phenomenon (Comstock 1206). According to a study conducted at Syracuse University in New York, â€Å"There is a statistically significant, positive relationship between exposure to television or film violence and aggressive and antisocial behavior† (Comstock 1186). The study concluded this theory by stating that by viewing violent television in everyday life, antisocial and aggressive behaviors and tendencies would be facilitated (Comstock 1191). With this outlook, it seems much more likely that the significant amount of aggression present in society today can very well be influenced if not caused by the vast ocean of aggression harbored in television culture. Racism is very prevalent in crime reality television. There is a vast overrepresentation of violent crime (e. g. Kooistra, Mahoney, Westervelt 1998; Oliver, 1994; Potter et al, 1997), crimes cleared (e. g. , Kooistra et al, 1998; Oliver, 1994) and non-whites as offenders and whites as law nforcement officers. In a direct test of the cultivation hypothesis, a social theory which examined the long-term effects of television on American audiences of all ages, Oliver Armstrong (1998) reported that whites who watched more reality TV were more likely to report higher crime prevalence estimates. The construction of these programs is considered from a cultural, qualitative perspective focusing on the ideal perspectives conveyed about law and order, social threats, and audience empowerment (Cavender, 11998; J.  Fishman, 1999). For example, Cavender and Bond-Maupin (1993) argue that these programs make use of story-telling conventions to encourage empathy with an unsuspecting victim who falls prey to evil, which, in turn, primes the notion that no place is safe. They also indicated that reality-based crime shows such as America’s Most Wanted and Unsolved Mysteries depict crime in ways similar to those used in fictionalized crime shows which reinforces existing cultural stereotypes about criminals and victims. The First 48 is one of the most watched non-fiction investigation series which aires on AE. Set in several cities across the U. S. , the series offers an insider’s look at the real-life world of homicide investigators. Each episode picks one or more homicides in different cities, covering each alternately, showing how detectives use forensic evidence, witness interviews and other advanced detective skills to identify suspects. The cops on this show are mainly White, with the exception of a couple of Black investigators that are shown on few episodes. This show is very biased in the fact that it depicts only the black communities across the nation and that which is full of criminals, gang violence drug saturation. One would almost think that there are no White people who commit the same types of crime(s) in those cities. Or is it that the Police Departments in the white communities of those ( other) cities don’t permit the exploitation which is presented by this programming’s directors? The genre has also created a slew of reality stars, as a result of the fame game. It seems that many are random people with no apparent talent. Keeping up with the Kardashians has made famous a whole family who appear to be famous without reason except that they have a reality show. Another reality TV favorite is The Real Housewives of Atlanta. The series has been going strong for three seasons. Everything about the show is a mess. This season has been about even more drama than ever before. Will Cynthia marry Peter? Is Phaedra married to a convict? Will â€Å"NeNe† and Greg get divorced? Will Brice get it together? The craziness and complexity of it all is never ending. Why do we care? These people are just ordinary people with no real celebrity other than what we the viewers give them. The uses and gratifications perspective, the assumption that a media channel cannot influence an individual unless that person has some use for the medium or its particular message (e. g. Katz, 1959; Rubin Rubin, 1985), may be a clear explanation of the genre’s appeal. The uses and gratifications framework includes five primary beliefs. The first is that an individual’s behavior is goal directed and motivated. Second, people select and use media to satisfy biological, psychological and social needs. Third, individuals are influenced by various social and psychological factors when selecting among communication alternatives. Fourth, those media consumers are aware of their needs and whether these needs are being satisfied by a particular medium. Fifth, that different media compete with one another for attention, selection, and use. In sum, uses and gratifications theory states that individuals are aware of their needs, evaluate various channels and content, assess functional alternatives and select the media or interpersonal channel that they believe will provide the gratifications they seek. Reality TV also offers some positive aspects as well. American Idol, which is the leader of reality TV, had over 24,000,000 viewers. The show starts off with thousands of people auditioning in hopes of becoming America’s next superstar. Some can sing, but many just make utter fools of themselves on national television. Just a week ago an American Idol hopeful auditioned in front of the judges with her opera rendition of Justin Beiber’s song â€Å"Baby†. As she belts the notes Randy immediately puts his head down and motions for her to stop. Steven Tyler and â€Å"JLo† look as if they don’t know what is going on and as she hits the high note Steven marks the end with the sound of an explosion. They break out with laughter, just as we do sitting at home watching. â€Å"What the hell was that? † may be what comes to mind. Beside it being purely entertaining because we like to see others humiliate themselves, the show offers stories of success. For the people who volunteer themselves for the likes of American Idol and America’s Next Top Model, winning the show is potentially a life-changing experience and a springboard to a career in the entertainment industry. The reward is there for the taking, but it’s often not just the winners who can make a name for themselves. Jennifer Hudson, a finalist on season 3 of American idol and Tocarra Jones, a participant on season 3 of America’s Next Top Model, may not have won the shows, but they both went on to have major success. Jennifer Hudson made her film debut in the 2006 film Dreamgirls, which won her many awards such as an Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress and a Golden Globe Award. She also won a Grammy award for her debut album. Tocarra is a working plus-size model today and she is signed to the largest modeling agency in the world. Reality TV can also provide learning on dating, family relations, friendships and dealing with sensitive issues. Pedro Zamora’s 1994 appearance on MTV reality show The Real World was a landmark media event: the first openly HIV-positive gay man on a nationwide TV series. Zamora, who died at 22 just as Real World: San Francisco ended, was a teen when he learned he was HIV-positive, a diagnosis that led the diminutive Miami resident to become an AIDS activist and educator. His MTV fame ultimately drew the attention of President Clinton. Zamora’s role on Real World: San Francisco was memorable not only for lecturing housemates and viewers about HIV and preventative measures but also for his combative relationship with the abrasive Puck Rainey, one of the most polarizing roommates in the show’s 21-year history. Things got so testy between Zamora and the politically incorrect Rainey that the roommates ultimately banned Rainey from their collective home. Even those reality shows that aren’t competitions can still make a name for the stars. Lauren Conrad started her career on MTV’s â€Å"Laguna Beach: The Real OC,† and with subsequent exposure on â€Å"The Hills† has become a best-selling author, spokesperson and fashion designer–not bad for a normal California girl. Watching these successes has also inspired a generation of youngsters to aspire to make something of themselves. They want to better their lives and find inspiration from the success stories after the cameras have stopped rolling. Reality TV also offers a source of distraction and diversion to everyday life. It gives you a break away from your stress and frustration. Of course this does not solve the root case, but it helps take away from the root source of the stress. Although taking a walk or reading a book may be better alternatives for distractions, reality TV still allows you to momentarily forget your problems because you’re consumed in others on television. Although reality TV offers some positive aspects such as success stories, positive learning experiences, distractions and others, the negatives outweigh them all when it comes to the teenagers which the shows are aimed at. They presume that reality TV is actually â€Å"reality†, which it is not by any means. Teenagers do not have the understanding so they could and probably will fall subject to all the negative side it can entail. Some solutions to the problem may be for the parents to parent more and as they should. Parents should have the knowledge about what reality TV is and explain it to their children. Parents or society should not rely on reality TV or any genre of television to teach our children or ourselves for that matter. It will indefinitely lead us in the wrong direction. It is not to teach, but to entertain. If we have the knowledge about what reality TV actually is, in turn, we will be able to keep it in the context of entertainment and not reality. For those who don’t take it seriously it can provide entertainment for 30 minutes or so. But if taken as â€Å"reality†, it then has a danger of harming its audience with unrealistic expectations. How to cite Real vs Reality TV, Essay examples

Lesson rationale for micro teach free essay sample

The importance of hand hygiene in a Veterinary Practice Introduction The lesson aim is to introduce the complex subject of microbial transference and the role that hand hygiene plays. Within the fifteen minutes allocated to this lesson, learners will be involved in a couple of exercise’s that directly relate to hand hygiene and will assist the learner to build on knowledge throughout the session. The subject has been chosen in part because it is within the tutors subject knowledge and specialism, the subject is also relevant to current media interest due to the increase in hospital acquired infection and the resistance of pathogens to antibiotics, therefore although this presentation is pertaining to Veterinary Surgery protocol, it is very relevant to all medical type establishment and will also be of current interest to many learners including those with no prior medical training. Delivery This lesson has been devised to achieve learning that caters for a range of learning styles, the lesson should achieve as equal learning for all learners involved as is possible, the lesson is predominantly student led with some short tutor led areas. We will write a custom essay sample on Lesson rationale for micro teach or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page To ensure that the objectives can be achieved in the limited time constraints of the sessions, the session must be actively managed by the tutor and learners will need to be kept on track throughout. Visual aspects – Power point, pictures, glow bright solution Auditory aspects– Tutor led discussion, peer review of practical areas Reading/writing aspects– Learners may take notes throughout the session, handouts given for later recap Kinaesthetic aspect– Practical elements such as carrying out the hand wash The lesson structure Tutor to introduce objectives of the session to learners Objectives ?Identify 2 ways infection transmission can occur ? Identify the importance of hand hygiene in infection control ? Integrate five evidence based hand hygiene methods into clinical practice Objectives will allow learners to understand what they will achieve by the end of the session; this will in turn motivate learners to actively engage in the session, to fulfil the expected learning outcomes. A very brief over view of what pathogens are and how they can be transferred directly and indirectly. Due to the groups of learners involved potentially having minimal prior learning/knowledge in this area an introduction to pathogens and how they may be transferred is required to underpin the importance of hand hygiene. Integration of hand hygiene into the flow of clinical work – 5 moments of hand hygiene (Adapted from the WHO 5 moments of hand hygiene) Illustrate to learners the need for hand hygiene to be a ‘culture’ within the clinical setting to ensure essential hand hygiene ‘moments’ are not missed. Practical element – learners to rub glow bright over their own hands to identify how effective their own hand hygiene is currently Learners will be informed of what glow bright will identify i. e areas of the hands that have not been effectively cleaned, or have had pathogen transfer since the last hand wash. Tutor will inform learners that anyone feeling uncomfortable may participate in peer review but not use the glow-bright on themselves. This part of the lesson will highlight to the learners the need for a standardised hand wash protocol without such protocol the standards of hand hygiene vary dramatically from individual to individual. Tutor will demonstrate the standardised WHO hand hygiene alcohol hand gel method, learners will demonstrate this method back to the tutor, and tutor will ensure that all learners are able to carry out this method competently. Learners need to understand what this standardised method achieves, that all areas of the hand are effectively cleaned, reducing the transient population of pathogens on the hand surface, therefore reducing the ability for these transient pathogens to be passed on to objects and patients. The lesson will end with re-scanning of the hand with a UV lamp to see if areas of glow bright have reduced on learner’s hands. This will allow students to assess themselves on how effectively they feel they carried out the hand clean. Assessment for learning will occur through the three main practical sessions within the lesson structure. Initial assessment will involve the tutor asking students to state a number between 1-5 as to level of current knowledge of subject, one be low and five being high. Formative assessment will be carried out during the three practical’s this will be peer assessed and tutor assessed. Summative assessment will not be achieved within this session due to time constraints Resources required Laminated pictures †¢Sticky spots (two colours) †¢Handout of the WHO hand gel rub method †¢Alcohol hand rub †¢Glow bright solution †¢UV light †¢Paper towel Conclusion This session is designed to educate learners about the importance of hand hygiene, how hand hygiene is integrated into clinical work and how effective hand hygiene methods can be employed. This is achieved through tutor and student led activities that culminate in students assessing their own hand hygiene effectiveness.

Looming Tower Essay Example

Looming Tower Essay Example Looming Tower Paper Looming Tower Paper Lawrence Wright’s, The Looming Tower: Al-Qaeda and the Road to 9/11. : Outline I. Introduction A. An overview of the book II. Discussion A. Discussion on the issues covered by the book. III. Conclusion and recommendations A. This part of the report will cover an overview of the books strengths, weaknesses, and recommendations. Introduction Wright has a special way of explaining things. When reading this book, a reader need not have a background knowledge on terrorism, Wright crafts the book in such a way that it consists of a ten page list of the main characters, fifty pages of notes, a list of interviews held, a bibliography and a clear bibliography for those who would love research the topic more. He also uses pictures of the main characters in the book, so that a reader can see the person being discussed. The book can be divided into two major parts with the first part focusing on giving the reader a comprehensive background and beginnings of militant Islam and the terror group Al Qaeda. In the book’s first three chapters, the writer writes bibliographies of three important persons. He writes about an Egyptian named Qutb who is seen as the father of militant Islam, he also writes about Zawahri who also is an Egyptian and a co founder of Al Qaeda. The last character in the three chapters he talks about is Bin Laden who is the central character of the book. After reading the first three chapters a reader gets to learn about the internal politics of two most important countries in the history of Al Qaeda: Saudi Arabia and Egypt (Wright, 2006). The author tries to explain how the governments of both countries might have influenced the rise of radical Islam movement. This is helpful for the reader to understand why Al Qaeda is against everything represented by the West. Through the book, a reader can visit the towns and cities where these men grew up. After writing the bibliographies, the author then looks at the bigger picture and writes two chapters on Saudi Arabia. In these two chapters the writer talks of a spy master, Turki, who is instrumental in the search of bin Laden. The hapters also discusses the political and social structures of the Saudi Kingdom, the Soviet-Afghan war, the Afghanistan – Pakistan border jihadist movement and lastly how jihadism has spread around the world. Wright at this point builds a strong groundwork so that when he starts to discuss about the Al Qaeda attacks a reader can understand the context. Wright then takes 200 hundred pages of the book to discuss the American Security and Intel ligence agencies, The FBI and CIA. He tells of how the agencies reacted to the first cases of jihadists. This section of the book ends with a chapter dedicated on Osama’s life in Sudan (Bergen, 2010). The second part of the book looks at the Al Qaeda’s activities in the rest of the world. He begins by writing about how, in 1995, the Al Qaeda raided and bombed a building in Saudi Arabia that was housing Americans in the town of Riyadh. The chapters in this second part of the book are not very detailed and the writer talks of various key players. It is also in this second part we learn of the gruesome murder of tourist by Zawalhri. The author describes how Zawalhri stormed the Queen Hatchupset temple located in Egypt and killed all the tourists that were there. Wright then looks at the evolution of the terror group Al Qaeda on how they recruit, leadership, and their use of suicide bombers in carrying out their attacks. He looks and blames the actions of the CIA who had no right to with hold crucial information from the sole mandated agency, the FBI, to carry surveillance on the people who later committed the attacks. The last two chapters the author talks of the aftermath after the attacks. He explains in heart-wrenching details about the fear and desperation after the attacks. Wright in this book can be praised for his making it compelling and emotional. Discussion Al Qaeda is a terrorist group that has been behind many terrorist attacks. The book investigates some of their attacks especially the September 11 carried out in the United States. The author of the book, Lawrence Wright, is a famous writer and for his work Al Qaeda the Road to 9/11 won him a Pulitzer Prize for general non-fiction. The book largely focuses on the persons involved in the attack. It covers things like, who they are, reasons that drove them to undertake the attack, and the people they associated with closely. The book begins with Sayyid Qutb who is an Egyptian religious intellect. Sayyid visited the U. S during the 1940’s, upon return to his homeland, he became an anti-West activist, and in the end, he became a martyr for his beliefs. The book also portrays Ayman al-Zawahiri, it looks at his story from childhood in Egypt and follows his life up to the time he participated and became the leader of the Egyptian Islamic Jihad. The Egyptian Islamic Jihad, the book states was later to merge with the Al Qaeda. The author in his book writes the story of head of Al Qaeda, Osama bins Laden. He traces Osama’s childhood in Saudi Arabia where he was born and brought up in a rich family. The book continues to give a detailed account of how Osama participated in the war between Afghanistan and the Soviet Union. It writes of his role as a financier to terrorist groups, his life in Sudan, his stay in Afghanistan upon his return and his association with the Taliban. The book also covers on the 1998 terrorist attacks, which were done in Kenya and Tanzania as well as the bombing done on the USS Cole in the year 2000 (Wright, 2006). The author also writes of famous American who were involved, particularly Richard A. Clarke who at the time of 9/11 attack was the chief counter terrorism adviser sitting on the U. S National Security Council. The other personality featured in the book is John P. O’Neill who was the assistant Deputy Director of Investigation in the FBI. Until his retire in August 2001, he was actively involved in the hunt for Osama bin Laden. After his retire from the FBI he headed the security of the World Trade Center where he was later to die in the 9/11 attacks (Bergen, 2010). The book covers some of the problems faced in the fight against terrorism, especially the lack of cooperation between the American Security Agencies, the CIA, and the FBI, which are blamed for not preventing the attacks. The Looming Tower is a story mostly based on the lives of the people involved in the 9/11 attacks rather than the attack. It focuses on the background and situations that led the perpetrators to plan and stage the attacks. The title â€Å"the Looming Tower† is described as appearing in the Quran and according to the author Osama had uttered the words before the 9/11 attacks during a wedding he attended. The line is quoted from the fourth Sura of the Holy Quran and Osama is claimed to have said, Wherever you are, death will find you, even in the looming tower. † When Mohamed Atta and his accomplices hijacked a Boeing 767 and flew the plane into the World Trade Center, a tragic story ensued. This attack was so gruesome that years down the line people still cringe at the mention of the events that took place that day. The events of 9/11 are in many ways a start of a tale or maybe the climax of a story that began years ago in different locations such as Cairo, mosques in Hamburg, streets of Jordan and the town of Greeley. This is a story of how few individuals from impoverished places planned and carried attacks on a world super power. It is also a story of how some individuals desperately tried to convince the government security agencies of an imminent attack. Many years after the attack questions were still being asked about the why and how a super power like America could fail to prevent it (â€Å"The Plot against America†, 2006). The Looming Tower is full of details of how the Al Qaeda had once abandoned plans to stage an attack on American soil owing to the lack of foot soldiers that could pass credibly as westernized Muslims. Later the Al Qaeda found the credible persons to facilitate the attack in Atta, Ramzi bin al-Shibh, Ziad al-Jarrah and Marwan al-Shehhi, who had been attended schools in the United States. Wright gives accounts of Islamic Militancy in his book and looks at it from the intellectual, religious, and economic situation of the places where the attackers came from. Wright portrays a picture of Sayyid Qutb the man credited with the rise of modern day Islamist Fundamentalism. He shows Sayyid as a frail, middle-aged scholar who visited the United States and as a student in the university town of Greeley in the 1940’s (Bolton, 2008). Sayyid is overwhelmed at the unrestrained luxuries and godlessness of the American culture. He was disgusted with the American women and how the women freely they expressed their sexuality. He writes, â€Å"A girl looks at you, appearing as if she were an enchanting nymph or an escaped mermaid, but as she approaches, you sense only the screaming instinct inside her, and you can smell her burning body, not the scent of perfume, but flesh, only flesh. Tasty flesh, truly, but flesh nonetheless. † Later Sayyid upon returning his country he started to write elaborate reasons why the Muslims should rise and wage war against the West and its rotten culture. Years later, the book writes of how Atta openly expressed his disgust for women especially from the West. The book is based on many interviews, which the author held with various persons. The interviews range from Osama’s best friend from school, Jamal Khalifa and Yosri Fouda a reporter working for Al Jazeera. He also writes of the interviews he had with Richard A. Clarke who worked in the White House as a counter terrorism chief. In his accounts, the author gives the reader an intense view of the terrible events of 9/11. Though the events the author writes in his book have been told many times before, Mr. Wright tells the story with myriad new details. He gives accounts and describes them in the context of politics and culture. He focuses on the lives and occupation of the key players involved in the attacks while succeeding in writing a historical story that possesses all the propinquity and poignant power of a novel (Wright, 2006). The author writes that, â€Å"The charisma and vision of a few individuals shaped the nature of the contest between Islam and the West. † He further asserts, â€Å"While the tectonic plates of history were certainly shifting, promoting a period of conflict between those two cultures. The emergence of Al Qaeda depended on a unique conjunction of personalities most notably Mr. Zawahri, who promoted the apocalyptic idea that only violence could change history, and Mr. bin Laden, whose global vision and leadership held together an organization that had been bankrupted and thrown into exile† (Wright, 2006). The author suggests that the events of 9/11 were evitable. Unfortunately, through bad luck, indecisiveness of American officials and war between the CIA and FBI contributed to the success of the attack by Al Qaeda. Compared to other writers like Peter L. Bergen who authored Holy War: Inside the Secret World of Osama bin Laden as well as Jonathan Randal the author of Osama: the Making of a Terrorist, Lawrence in his book does not concentrate on the role played by the Soviet- Afghan war in influencing Osama’s jihadist cause. Rather, he draws his stories from documents written in Arabic and carries interviews with jihad activists who offer chronicles of the many things that influence Al Qaeda and the long road against America Osama took. The book gives a very detailed account of the Al Qaeda’s way of life, motivations, and doubts. It also goes further to give what each individual member wanted to achieve politically. The author captures certain events that are claimed to have influenced the Islamist Movement such as the execution of Sayyid Qutb by Gamal Abdel Nasser’s regime in 1966. In the eyes of the Islamist Movement Sayyid was a martyr and hero, this did not wane but increased their faith in the war against the West. Wright then goes on to describe how Osama, the heir of one the largest family fortune in Arabia, grows from a timid child into a religious adolescent. He says one of the most influential people in Laden’s life was a charismatic gym teacher. This teacher was the one who introduced Osama to the Muslim Brothers Organization. Another person who influences Osama was Mr. Zawahri, who became acquainted with Osama in Peshawar in the early 1980’s. Mr. Zawahri was a doctor from Egypt and in the book; he is drawn as the evil mentor who transformed the political view of the Young Saudi. The author argues that before Osama met Mr. Zawahri, he was â€Å"not much of a political thinker,†. The author goes to take a quote from Essam Deraz who was the first biographer of Osama. He says that he once thought Osama had the potential of becoming â€Å"another Eisenhower,† who could turn his celebrity status he had got after fighting in the Afghan- Soviet war into a serene political life(â€Å"The Plot against America†, 2006). This is can be seen was not the plan Mr. Zawahiri had for Osama. The writer notes that as a young man, Mr. Zawahri was tortured in the Egyptian prisons and this powered his resolve to fight the Westernized culture. He is credited as pioneering the use of suicide bombers was seen from the start very keen to use biological and chemical weapons (Bolton, 2008).. For Osama, it took him a long time after leaving the war in Afghanistan to settle on a plan of action. In the time, he was exiled from Saudi Arabia and leaving in Sudan the author says that Osama â€Å"was wavering the lure of peace being as strong as the battle cry of jihad. Agriculture captivated his imagination. † It is further reported he was contemplated of quitting Al Qaeda and going into farming. The author tells of how after the first Gulf war the continued stay of the American troops in Saudi Arabia gnawed on Osama. He was also aggravated by the invasion of Somalia by American troops who were on a humanitarian relief mission. The Al Qaeda in 1992 the book claims met and â€Å"turned from being the anti-communist Islamic army that bin Laden originally envisioned into a terrorist organization bent on attacking the United States† (Bolton, 2008). The book traces not only the evolution of Al Qaeda first as a resistance group to the Soviet and Saddam Hussein and then a sworn enemy of the United States, but also gives the reader a clear picture of life at an Al Qaeda training camp. The author’s description of Osama bin Laden concurs with that made by security experts such as former CIA official Michael Scheuer. He states that Osama was not opposed to the American culture rather he was angry at the American political and military actions it was carrying out in Muslim countries(Bergen, 2010).. The author observes that Osama occasionally allowed his young sons to play Nintendo and in the Al Qaeda training camps, recruits would be allowed to watch Hollywood thrillers. Their favorite movies, as the book says, were those done by Arnold Schwarzenegger and tried to gather tips on being American from them. One of the many wives Osama had was known to love â€Å"brand-name cosmetics and lingerie, preferring American products. He also had a wife who had graduated with a doctorate in child psychology (â€Å"The Plot against America†, 2006). Wright is categorical in his book blaming former and present administrations for failing to prevent the 9/11. He writes of the failures in the CIA, FBI, and NSA refusal to share information with each other as the main reason the attackers were successful. If the agencies had cooperated, they might have foreseen the entering of two known terrorist in America. He blames the Bush and Bill Clinton administration of laxity in tackling problem of terrorism in the world. He notes that when Bush entered office terrorism was a low priority to his administration. Like other authors on the issue of terrorism, he criticizes the actions that the Clinton administration took after the 1998 bombing in East Africa. The administration of the day launched missiles at one of the Al Qaeda training camp located in Afghanistan and desperately failed to kill Osama. The writer notes helped turn Mr. Laden into a global celebrity and this allowed the terrorist to mythologize himself (Bergen, 2010).. Wright writes, â€Å" Mr. in Laden’s goal in striking the American embassies and bombing the American destroyer Cole in 2000, was to lure America into the same trap the Soviets had fallen into: Afghanistan. His strategy was to continually attack until the U. S. forces invaded; then the mujahedeen would swarm upon them and bleed them until the entire American empire fell from its wounds. It had happened to Great Britain and to the Soviet Union. He was certain it would happen to America. When neither the embassy bombings nor the Cole bombing was enough to provoke a massive retaliation, Mr. Bin Laden decided he would have to create an irresistible outrage. The outrage in this case happens to be the 9/11 attack. The author continues to write that Laden had gotten what he wanted and cites the 2001 invasion of Afghanistan and the 2003 attack of Iraq as his wins. In both this invasions, the American Army has seen deaths of more than 2500 soldiers, just the thing that Osama fervently wanted (Bolton, 2008). In the book, the writer portrays what has caused the Islamic militancy. He says at the heart of Islamic militancy lays anger, hatred of modernization, and feeling of humiliation which terrorist group cite as reason for killing. The author looks at failure of autocratic governments to offer their citizens reasons to face the future as the reasons why some of this terrorists turn to Islam, which offers dignity and hope more so in death. He says that these â€Å"theological amateur,† will turn to be religion extremist and join terror groups(Bergen, 2010).. Atta and the hijackers felt this as the author writes, â€Å"Their motivations varied, but they had in common a belief that Islam - pure and primitive, unmitigated by modernity and uncompromised by politics - would cure the wounds that socialism or Arab nationalism had failed to heal. They were angry but powerless in their own countries. They did not see themselves as terrorists but as revolutionaries who, like all such men throughout history, had been pushed into action by the simple human need for justice. Some had experienced brutal repression; some were simply drawn to bloody chaos. From the beginning of Al Qaeda, there were reformers and there were nihilists. The dynamic between them was irreconcilable and self-destructive, but events were moving so quickly that it was almost impossible to tell the philosophers from the sociopaths. They were glued together by the charismatic personality of Osama bin Laden, which contained strands, idealism, and nihilism, in a potent mix. † Before there was proof of an imminent attack as the book talks of John O’Neill who was a supervisor for the FBI in their offices in New York. John O’Neill and the team he headed were assigned to trace and find information about Al Qaeda operatives in America. O’Neill had the hunch that the Al Qaeda was preparing to stage an attack on the American soil. He was an ardent investigator and when he saw the agency was not taking him seriously, he quit. After quitting, he said he could not work for a government bureaucracy that did not intend to move quickly to avert an attack as he did desperately trying to do. It is unfortunate that O’Neill was among the people who died during the 9/11 he had foreseen. Other agents in the bureau had premonitions of the Al Qaeda being successful in making attack on America. The supervisor posted in the Minneapolis office was cautioned in the month of August for raising his fears of an attack happening. He expressed fear that a known Islamic radical was attending a flight school could have been as well planning an attack. When being admonished he retorted, â€Å"I am trying to keep someone from taking a plane and crashing into the World Trade Center. † Astonishing you might say (â€Å"The Plot against America†, 2006). The Author talks of how the CIA had information of high level Al Qaeda members had attended a meeting in Malaysia in the early months of 2000. He says they also knew of two of those who attended the meetings had entered America. This two would later play a role and implement the attack as was later uncovered. The CIA had failed to avail this information the FBI, which is mandated to carry out internal surveillance of known and suspected terrorists. The struggle between the two agencies is highlighted in the book as the author writes of a meeting held prior to the attack. In the meeting CIA analysts are claimed to have dangled pictures of would be attackers at the faces of FBI agents. When the CIA agents refused to give the information they had on the two, the FBI agents realized they were the same persons they were pursuing and the tension between the two agencies increased. Three months prior to the attack, both agencies held a meeting, which ended in both the FBI and CIA agents shouting at each other. In the book, the author illustrates a scene where an FBI agent named Ali Soufan reacts after being shown the pictures of the terrorists. Ali Soufan was working on the Al Qaeda case and when on September 12 he was shown the names and pictures of the hijackers, he just rushed into the bathroom and threw up. These people the CIA had information about their activities but refused to share with the FBI (Bergen, 2010). The writer has covered many things in his book, though it seems he left out some important things such as the hijackings. There is no chapter that the writer explicitly discusses the hijacking as he has on so many things. He takes the reader straight to the moments of the burning towers. This maybe he did thinking that many other authors had covered it and wanted to be different. The other thing about the book is the way the author draws up verbatim reconstruction of various conversations. He travels a lot in such of this information and writes of conversations that had taken place more than a decade before. This brings the question of how true and detailed the conversations are because it is hard to believe people have such good memories. The book ends with Zawahri or someone else riding a horse on the border of Afghanistan and Pakistan. This person disappears into the mountains and the book lacks a definitive end. This is a point the author tries to put that the story about the Al Qaeda is still not over (â€Å"The Plot against America†, 2006). Conclusion and Recommendation The book focuses on the lives of two men who have shaped the Al Qaeda. He tells of the Egyptian doctor al- Zawahiri and the life of Osama bin Laden. Wright skillfully dissects the relationship the two have. He gives on one hand the story of the ideologist al-Zawihiri, who is a skilled combatant and on the other hand, he tells the story of the determined and charming Osama bin Laden. From their first interaction in the 1980s, the author follows how they join to form Al Qaeda and how al-Zawahiri mentors Osama. Wright gives accounts of how the attack affected the United States and the most depressing scene is that of Ali an FBI agent throwing up after realizing the CIA had knowledge of the people responsible. The book as seen is a magnificent read and ay person looking to learn about the rise of the Al Qaeda should look for this book. The book gives detailed accounts of occurrence that happened before the 9/11 attack. It also looks into the lives of those people who are seen as instrumental in the rise and growth of the terror group. Wright in his unique intelligent way delivers the occurrences and reasons of the attack on American soil with emotion. The strengths of this book in informing about the road to 9/11 lies in the deep research the writer carried out and the way he reconstructs conversations that had been taken more than a decade ago. This is also the greatest weakness of the book owing to questions of how true these conversations are because people are not known to have search kind of memory. References Bergen. P. , (2010). The Longest War: The Enduring Conflict Between America and Al-Qaeda. New York: Simon and Schuster Bolton, M. , (2008). U. S. national security and foreign policymaking after 9/11 present at the recreation. Lanham : Rowman Littlefield. The Plot against America. (2006). Retrieved September 16, 2011, from nytimes. com/2006/08/06/books/review/06filkins. html Wright, L. , (2006). The looming tower: Al-Qaeda and the road to 9/11. New York : Vintage Books.

5th Grade Science Fair Projects

5th Grade Science Fair Projects By the 5th grade, students are expected to shoulder more responsibility in designing in doing a science fair project. There will still be a lot of parent and teacher help, but you want a straightforward project that ideally takes no longer than a week or two to complete. The ideal project is one the student can do pretty much by himself or herself, with guidance from adults as needed. 5th Grade Science Fair Project Ideas What household chemicals repel insects? Pick one particular type, common to your area, such as flies, ants, or roaches and test herbs, spice, etc. to see if you can come up with a non-toxic way to keep bugs away.Make a model tornado or vortex. You can use two bottles taped together or can make a cool tornado using water and vegetable oil. For the project, explain how the vortex works.Can people taste the difference between drinks sweetened with Stevia (a natural non-caloric  sweetener) and sugar? Which do they prefer?Are there any dyes you can add to water living plants that change the color of their flowers? Hint: Some modern orchids are tinted blue using dyes, so its possible.Do people have the same sensitivity to smell? Place people at one end of a room. Have another person open a scent, such as lemon oil or vinegar. Have your test subjects write down what they smell and what time they smelled it. Is the time the same for different scents? Does it matter whether the test subject was male or female? Use the streak test to try to identify different mineral samples. What other tests might you try to confirm your results?Does storage temperature affect popcorn popping? Store popcorn in the freezer, refrigerator, at room temperature, and in a heated location. Pop the same amount of each sample. Count how many unpopped kernels remain. Can you explain the results?Does food cooked in the microwave cool at the same rate as food cooked in the oven or on the stove top? Heat foods to the same temperature. Use a thermometer to measure the temperature at set times. Explain your results.Can you sip the same amount of liquid through two straws at once as one straw? What about 3 straws?Collect a group of different substances. Rank the materials according to best to worse heat conductors (or insulators). See if you can explain your findings.Does the color of a light affect how bright it appears in fog? in water?For your project, explain how traffic lights work. What is the reason for the delay b etween when a light turns yellow and then turns red? How many cars are needed to trip a turn arrow? If youre examining a particular light, does its behavior change according to the time of day? Where is the best place to store apples? Where is the best place to store bananas? Are they the same?Does the temperature of a magnet affect its magnetic field lines? You can trace the magnetic field lines of a magnet by putting iron filings on a sheet of paper over the magnet.What brand of battery lasts the longest?Make ice cubes starting with different temperatures of water. Does the starting temperature of water affect how long it takes to freeze?Make a homemade sundial and explain how it works.

Brands that needs to identify the segmentation, targeting, and Essay

Brands that needs to identify the segmentation, targeting, and positioning strategy - Essay Example Kellogg cornflakes are the popular breakfast cereals in Hong Kong which became more familiar with breakfast cereals. In busier lifestyles it makes a good choice for quick and healthy breakfast. In 2013, breakfast cereals were expected to enjoy high growth prospects of 9%. In the year 2012 the growth of industry was down due to economic downturn in the country. The brand Alphen is very popular in Hong Kong for breakfast cereals. The product it deals with was chocolates. It expanded its brands with breakfast cereals like muesli bars and cereals. The brands have created an image on the mind of customers. It also includes improving customer’s perception about the brand and to be informed about the product that are to be launched. The brand also requires a good understanding of competing products and the benefits of targeted market. The products basically target those customers who have busier lifestyles as well as the children. It is a good source of nutrients for both children and adults. The brands have a variety of products for the consumers and they can choose any one of the products. The products are comparatively less costly than Kellogg corn flakes. It has different groups of customers to target (Proctor, 2013 pp. 75-88). This helps to group the customers into segments that have a common need and will response in marketing actions. It offers alternate growth and profit opportunities. The brand focuses on the characteristics such as age group of the customer for making segmentation among the customer group. It has also focused in the customer’s lifestyle and everyday busy schedule which make this brand very popular among them. The brand has different products for different age groups. Kellogg has a very dominating position in breakfast cereals, accounting from 71% to 72% value shares in 2012 and 2013. The company is present in the country with huge variety of products as well as with efficient and distribution network. Consumers can easily find

Final exam Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 4

Final exam - Essay Example On the subject of externality there is the aspect of Negative Externality and it involves both the consumer and the producer who collectively neglect the environment and what implications their activities have on the environment. It could also involve one of the two parties leaving the other out of consideration; for example when a producer releases a harmful product into the market and it results into the death of a consumer. This is one scenario that has been satisfied by the tobacco company. The health effects (lung cancer) of smoking to both the active and passive smokers cannot be over emphasized. The medical bills that the smoker incurs in the course of treatment is substantial and then there is the pain endured during ones illness and the ultimate price is the loss of life. Regardless of these hazardous effects, the cigarette industry continues to thrive over financial gains from the sale of its product. In the United States, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has controlled the tobacco company through the regulation of their products. It has done this by: restricting the advertising and promotion of tobacco products and this has worked to promote healthy living since the public is less aware of the existence of the product. It has banned all tobacco products which are flavored like fruits and candy and this has made them less attractive to minors and individuals with refined tastes. The companies are barred from purporting any reduced risk products and this has played the role of reducing the number of new smokers or prospective ones. It requires the companies to fully disclose the health effects of their product, the contents and any changes they might have made; with this knowledge in the public eye, the consumers are empowered with information. The disadvantage that comes with these legislations is that the sale of the product is still legal so long as the relevant companies abide by them. The

Fight Club by Chuck Palahniuk | The Outsider by Albert Camus

Fight Club by Chuck Palahniuk | The Outsider by Albert Camus In both Fight Club by Chuck Palahniuk and The Outsider by Albert Camus, the protagonist explores the significance of their existence. The two characters determine that everyone is destined to the same fate. The narrator says Its easy to cry when you realize everyone you love will reject you or die(Palahniuk, p8). Later on in the novel one understands why the narrator is unnamed, however for simplicity sake he is often referred to as Jack. Jack is right; were all privileged to the same ending. We all die, even better we all die alone. This is a philosophical outlook on life that is commonly referred to as The Absurd. Humanitys efforts to find meaning in the universe are waste because such a thing will ultimately fail. The philosophy concludes that this search for a meaning of life is a search that is humanly impossible and therefore absurd. The originally materialistic narrator in Fight Club, who remains unnamed throughout the novel, as well as the seemingly irrational French man Mers ault eventually believe whole heartily in the Absurd. Throughout both novels several examples of emerge which demonstrate their application of the Absurd. There are four commonalities in the books that offer the best illustration of this philosophy and how it applies to their lives; each commonality illustrates strange behaviour by the main characters. They challenge the reader to analyse whether or not their actions are appropriate or utterly ridiculous. Initially both protagonists are faced with a certain traumatic event; both react similarly to each other however their response is strikingly different than the average persons, they do not cry, they are not enraged because they live life completely in the present. Soon after, confronted with another odd situation, both Jack and Mersault do the strangest of things which infringe on the standard set of morals followed by most. But for a moment one wonders, why should they act any differently? Following these actions, the reader sees the most brutal consequence of their beliefs; the death and dismemberment of other characters making it clear that they do not care for the lives of others. Finally at the end of both novels, both protagonists have their epiphanies. They settle on an answer to a fundamental question, what is the significance of their life, and the lives of others? It is clear that this belief in the Absurd is what makes these novels so fascinating, it is what drove the plot, instigated character growth and lead them to an eventual peace. Jack and Mersault live life completely in the present. Their realization of lifes meaninglessness allows them to live free of remorse and guilt. They both accept their pasts and move on. Both men are confronted with an incident which would be detrimental to most. The men experience all things at face value, and so they are focused on the details of what is currently happening around them experiencing the even with a lack of forceful emotions. To most this looks like a distinct detachment from the traumatic event, and that the two men lack the understanding of basic human reaction. Within the novel Fight Club, Jack is first stuck living a materialist lifestyle. A life of mediocrity, Jack works as a product recall specialist, lives alone with his IKEA furniture and a wardrobe that was becoming very respectable. Eventually he is drawn towards a puzzling man named Tyler Durden whom he met on one of his many business trips. When arriving home from that very trip, Jack is welcomed by all his belongings scattered on the street. There had been an explosion inside his apartment. With no home and having lost all his possessions, Jack says: May I never be complete. May I never be content. May I never be perfect. Deliver me, Tyler, from being perfect and complete (Palahniuk 31). Why did Jack appear completely void of emotion at a time like this? Imagine: youve lost almost everything you own, youre left with just the clothes on your back after living your life owning everything you need. You feel sad, you feel crushed, and you are overcome with emotions. Jack feels nothing of that sort. Oh, not my refrigerator, this was the extent of his emotions felt towards the event (Palahniuk 30). Instead of becoming overwhelmed with the implications of this event, Jack looks over his items which have been scattered on the sidewalk. To Jack this explosion had blasted [his] clever Njuranda coffee table in the shape of a lime green ying and an orange yang that fit together to make a circle, and ruined his Haparanda sofa group with the orange slip covers, designed by Erika Pekkari (Palahniuk 28). These kinds of details often fall to the back of ones mind when evaluating such disadvantageous occurrences. Yet Jack definitely does not waste his time pondering about the single fact that he has lost his belongings. In the first sentence of The Outsider, Mersault is notified that his mother has died. He receives the news through a telegram. The telegram simply says that that there will be a funeral tomorrow. As heart breaking as this news should be, Mersault gets straight to the logistics of attending the funeral. His first thought is the distance to which he must travel to attend the funeral. Fifty miles, he decides he can catch the two oclock bus and get there in the afternoon (Camus 9). He does end up catching the two oclock bus and does in fact attend the funeral, yet expresses none of the emotions which are expected in such a circumstance. Mersault sees the funeral as it is and nothing more. He takes note of the small things that happen without adding an opinion about it. When they sat down most of them looked at me and nodded awkwardly. Mersault lets the reader know of all the details that do not escape him. He notices that they had their lips all sucked into their toothless mouths and tha t they were all sitting opposite me round the caretaker (Camus 15). Mersault is giving insight into how he feels about the funeral, although his mind is not busy mourning over the loss of his mother. Instead he makes remarks such as: I was tired and I was hot under my dark clothes (Camus 20). One should not be thinking about much besides the loss of a loved one at a funeral. Mersault is simply uninterested in dwelling on this fact. Both Jack and Mersault have similar experiences in the beginning of the novels. A tragic loss of a loved one and the loss of a majority of ones belongings should invoke strong emotions in a person. Not for these two gentlemen, instead its revealed that they live their lives completely in the present. In their minds, the emotions of regular individuals are meaningless and therefore they would rather use their time to experience life through all of the sense. They both feel joy and frustration like every other human being. The difference is that their feelings are purely sensual. Absurdism is very closely related to existentialism and nihilism, this branch of philosophy was extensively explored during the 19th century because of the disaster that the humanity had experienced (the brutalities of both World Wars). According to David E. Cooper, existentialist and absurdist ethics claims that: (a) moral values are created rather than discovered, (b) moral responsibility is more extensive than usually assumed, and (c) moral life should not be a matter of following rules (Cooper 179). Inside these two novels, both main characters do apparently immoral things to seemingly innocent people, for little to no satisfaction. They often do these things because they realise that their actions are untimely rendered meaningless because of death. According to Mersault in The Outsider, his new found friend and neighbour Raymond and his requests are a good enough reason to do some of the bizarre things. Several days after his mothers funeral, Raymond confronts Mersault on his way upstairs. Raymond offers Wine and black pudding to Mersault in exchange for company. Realizing that joining Raymond would save him the task of cooking dinner, he accepts. This meal was not without a catch. Raymond had explained his current predicament with his mistress; he has a plan to teach this woman a lesson for being deceptive. However the first part of the plan involved writing a nasty letter that would lower her self esteem but Raymond felt that he could not fulfill this task and insisted that Mersault should help him out by writing the letter for him. Throughout Raymonds explanation, Mersault was fully aware of how both Raymond and his mistress felt. Despite his knowledge on how the letter may affect the girl, he writes it. He did [his] best to please Raymond because [he] had no reason to please him (Camus 36). This example goes to show that he does not follow the regular set of rules that accompany morals because with his realization that his actions are meaningless in the future he has acquired a new freedom. In the beginning of Jack and Tylers relationship right after Jack had lost his apartment and all of its contents, Tyler says, he could move in with him, but he would have to do him a favour. There, drunk in a bar Jack asks what this favour will be. Tyler replies I want you to hit me as hard as you can (Palahniuk 31). Apart from being the symbolic beginning of a fight club which the plot is centered on, this simple request will demonstrate how Jack acts knowing that his actions are indifferent to the world. Of course he hits him, why not? He rational is based on the fact that acting morally and doing what most would see as sensible is pointless. The words of Mersault from The Outsider could at this point fall straight from the mouth of Jack. Everybody was privileged. There were only privileged people (Camus 116). Mersault means that we are all facing the same privileged destiny, death, and that is was unavoidable. Jacks actions do not ultimately matter to anyone, so he does not follow the rules used by most of the population which make up the basics of morality. The novels present two characters who act immorally they both decide to do things despite how immoral the things seem. Neither character is unintelligent, for they in fact do take note of the details which are their lives. By definition act morally is what you should, however both protagonists come to the judgment that to follow these rules made up by society is pointless. In accepting the Absurd, the theme of authentic existence is common, both Mersault and Jack demonstrate that very authenticity by as ones self which does not always follow the basic moral codes. To accept the Absurd is to continue to live in spite of the fact that the search for a meaning of life is absurd. In accordance with a new level of freedom acquired from the acceptance that one is free from all duty, come the theme of authentic existence. Authentic living involves being true to oneself in most situations and living in accordance with ones values and beliefs (Linley 386). Living true to oneself often accompanies the notion that ones reason and rationale are correct. This might sound like the right ways to life ones life; however in both novels both Jack and Mersault give examples of how their application to this philosophy works out. They both demonstrate a lack or care for others lives and as a result emerge as self-centered. Despite the first two rules of fight club instigated by Tyler, new men are showing up each week to fight. One weekend Jack is taking part in one of his many fights within fight club, this time however, he does not stay in the realm of fighting. Once Jack has knocked out his newcomer opponent, he does not stop striking. After ruthlessly hammering his face with his bony knuckles, Jack continues with the knotted tight butt of [his] fist after [his] knuckles were raw from [the newcomers] teeth stuck through his lips (Palahniuk 88). Afterwards he discusses his thoughts with Tyler during breakfast the following morning. Jack admitted that his insomnia had returned and that he was in a mood to destroy something beautiful (Palahniuk 87). By dismembering the face of the angel face newcomer, Jack remained authentic to himself in the situation. After the irritation with his insomnia has been flattened out, Jack calmly removed himself from the situation. Not a single feeling is expresses towards the physical and emotional damage caused to the newcomer. Mersault also presents an example of how he lives accepting the Absurd. Mersault, Raymond, and Raymonds friend have an awkward confrontation with the Arabs who dislike Raymond. After the fact, Mersault wonders the same area alone. The raging heat of the sun had caused Mersault much discomfort and therefore he strolled towards the nearest shaded area which was the riverside. Unfortunately, one of the Arabs who he knew was potentially dangerous was there sitting in the shade. Mersault describes his severe discomfort, the same intense heat that he had experience at his mothers funeral had returned at his very moment. All the veins in his forehead were throbbing at once beneath the skin (Camus 59). At this point all Mersault wants is the shade in which the Arab stands. Gun drawn, Mersault approaches the Arab in preparation for self-defence. At that point All [he] could feel was the cymbals the sun was clashing against my forehead (Camus 60). The Arab pulls out his knife and lunges for hi m. Mersault shoots the man and is finally rewarded with his shade. He acted to fulfill his desire for shade but at the same time he knew by doing this he would have to kill another man to get it. Remaining authentic to himself and abiding by his logic he chose to approach the Arab instead of finding other shade. By living true to themselves, Mersault and Jack appear to have acted eccentrically however to them it was the right decision. To them, it was better to abandon the rules that society shapes and take complete control on their lives, this way their action and their existence remained authentic. Acting true to themselves, they move past their seemingly brutal actions and thoughts onto the next thing on their mind. In Jacks case he goes on to explain to Tyler that he not only wanted to destroy something beautiful but that he wanted to everything beautiful [hed] never have (Palahniuk, 88). For Mersault, he realizes that has acquired a certain fate by shooting the man, Mersault fire four more rounds into the body purely in disappointment. They both belittle the thoughts and feelings of others to nothing because of their philosophy on life. In the last moments of both novels, both protagonists realize that in fact they do accept and embrace the Absurd. The characters themselves do not know what they really believe in until the end, but the reader knows. In the beginning the reader picks up that these two men are strange to say the least. Then, as the novels progress, their behaviour begins to reflect the philosophy of Absurdism exclusively. The acknowledgement of their beliefs pours out at a weird yet wonderful time in their life. Mersault is arrested, incarcerated, and placed on trial for his murderous act. The jury is convinced that Mersault is a soulless monster because of the lack of emotion he showed at his mothers funeral. It seems as though his murder is not what is ultimately judged in court, his seeming lack of remorse or guilt is what the judge and jury assess to decide his fate. Ultimately Mersault is condemned to death by decapitation. In prison awaiting his execution he meets a chaplain. The Chaplain attempt to turn Mersault towards faith in his hours before death, but is ultimately shot down my Mersault. As the time passes Mersault grows tired of listening to the Chaplain. Then, for some reason, something explored inside of [him] (Camus 115). At the top of his voice Mersault tells him every reason why he was wrong about religion. Mersault brings tears to the eyes of the Chaplain because he insists that he has no time for God, and that one should. When he finds composure he finally comes to realiz e how he feels about the world. He says: It was as if that great rush of anger had washed me clean, emptied me of hope, and, gazing up at the dark sky spangled with its signs and stars, for the first time, the first, I laid my heart open to the benign indifference of the universe (Camus 117). With this he finally recognizes the absurdity of the universe and humanities indifference to it. He becomes aware of the Absurd; he becomes aware that he has to create his own meaning in his life. Mersault is finally able to experience a subjective and intense meaning in the form of a peace brought about by this surrender to the benign indifference of the world.ÂÂ   When Jack finally figures out that Tyler is not a separate person but rather a separate personality, His mind spins out of control and he eventually ends up symbolically shooting himself not to kill himself but to kill Tyler. Jack ends up in a psychiatricÂÂ  hospital where he utters his final conclusion on the meaning of his life. Jack says: I look at God behind his desk, taking notes on a pad, but Gods got this all wrong. We are not special. We are not crap or trash either. We just are. We just are, and what happens just happens. And God says, No, thats not right. Yeah. Well. Whatever. You cant teach God anything (Palahniuk 154). Just like Mersault, Jack also comes to the conclusion. He remarks that to consider God as real, and a leap of faith to believe that there is meaning beyond what a human can rationalize or prove as real, is ridiculous because you cannot question it or obtain a deeper understanding that whats written in religious books. Just as Mersault does, Jack grasps the concept that lifes meaning is only to exist. These narratives give meaningful insight into the meaninglessness that is The Absurd. Both novels comprise of character self discovery. I have addressed four specific types of experiences which apply to both novels that Due to its non-conformist nature, many readers struggle with Absurdism when they are first exposed to it. Indeed, it would be accurate to describe absurdism and absurdist fiction as an acquired taste. Conversely, this genre is a favourite among scholars because it lends itself so well to interpretation, discussion, and debate. Similarly, the moral of the story is generally not explicit, and the characters are often ambiguous in nature. Restate thesis.

Child Labour: Responses from Different Industries in the Developing World Essay

In this piece of work it will be asserted that child labour in developing countries is a contentious and challenging topic. Child labour issues are highlighted in context with two different industries. On one side, Bhukuth and Ballet (2006) detect the role of parents in pushing their children to work, in order to increase family productivity in a brick kiln industry in India and on the other side, Winstanley et al. 2002) observe a subtle involvement of a sports footwear manufacturing industry in Vietnam dealing with child labour issues and thwarting them. Winstanley et al. in their study (2002 p. 214) refer to the work of King and Marcus (2000), according to whom, child labour incorporates elements of exploitative and hazardous work that is harmful to children because it prevents them from getting an education, damages their health, subjects them to physical, sexual or emotional abuse or exploits them in other ways. This subjective belief has been recognised by the study conducted by Bhukuth and Ballet (2006) in which they argue about the parental perception regarding their children working with them, providing an extra incentive in their household remuneration and preventing the household from falling into bondage. Moulding bricks in hazardous conditions in a brick kiln industry, children are forced to work for long hours making them devoid of elementary education and also, severely affecting their mental and physical health. Bhukuth and Ballet (2006) emphasise in their study, that, child labour cannot be argued as a substitute for adult labour because the output generated by the latter one is much higher than the former one. Extending beyond organisational, national and cultural boundaries it is becoming extremely difficult to regulate human rights and child labour issues in the developing world. Winstanley et al. (2002) question whether national government and nation states are responsible for weak regulation of human rights at work place? Bhukuth and Ballet (2006) in their study perceive that employers hire brokers who play an important role in the recruitment of labours in the brick kiln industry in India. A peculiar trend of recruitment is observed by Bhukuth and Ballet (2006) in which brokers recruit only couple of adult composed of a man and his wife, or two men, rarely two women. A man alone is never recruited. Considering all these conditions, parents usually take their children with them at work, and children eventually end up working with their parents. The extra money pays off their debts and increases their bargaining power in the market. So, child labour becomes a mean to bargain higher amount of advance. The recruitment policy mentioned in this case can be argued to be biased. Bhukuth and Ballet (2006) quotes ‘illiteracy’ among people and especially, in case of parents, as one of the major factors bloating this social evil. No measures have been taken in such artisan industries to eliminate child labour, but, in fact, a general perception has been designed according to which, child labour is clearly complementary to adult labour. On the contrary, Winstanley et al. (2002) in their study of a sports footwear manufacturing company called Adidas-Salomon observe an active involvement of the company in averting human rights and child labour issues by adopting a mixed approach of disengagement and engagement strategy. As observed by Winstanley et al. (2002), the company opted more of disengagement approach but not in terms of disengaging factories and countries, but child labour, by establishing Department of Social and  Environmental Affairs with a mission of enhancing its brand by promoting socially responsible, safe and environmentally sustainable practices for the company and its business partners. Going beyond merely strict regulation and monitoring, Adidas tried counter-attacking the child labour problem by formulating a Code of Conduct known as ‘Standards of Engagement’ (SOE) under which educational programmes for underage workers (below 14 years) were organised in the factory itself whilst con tinuing to pay them basic wage and providing them day meal (Winstanley et al. , 2002). Taking into account what Winstanley et al. (2002) perceived from their study, a question can be raised that, if companies would provide such a productive atmosphere to underage workers then many parents will push their children to work in factories, thereby, boosting child labour. On the other hand, Basu and Van (1998) suggest that policy implications of banning child labour in domestic sector as well as in home- based enterprise like the brick kiln industry, which is indeed a market oriented sector, will prove to be inefficient (in Bhukuth and Ballet, 2006 p. 5). If the policies are regulated and child labour is banned in the industry, a deep negative impact will be observed on the deprived strata of society who believe that child labour can prevent their family from falling into a dynamic process of debt bondage. Winstanley et al. (2002) and Bhukuth and Ballet (2006) agree on the point that NGOs can play a drivers role in solving the problem of bondage and child labour by providing elementary education to children and non-formal education to parents, so that they can monitor their accounts and prevent any chances of cheating while clearing debts. Winstanley et al. (2002) support this notion by mentioning the intensive role played by a US-based NGO hired by Adidas and the locals with directed aims and objectives to eliminate child labour. Winstanley et al. (2002) also summarise the impact of media which has spawned a plethora of information that has divulged the concealed areas in this milieu. Conclusively, Bhukuth and Ballet (2006) and Winstanley et al. (2002) have endeavoured to investigate the industrial ethics in context with child labour. The role of NGOs along with a significant support from the locals in solving the problem of child labour is well supported here. There are certain areas which remain unexplored like the after effects of child labour on a child, reason for inactive support from the central or state government in jettisoning child labour etc. I strongly agree with Winstanley et al. (2002) vis-a-vis media acquiring the centre stage in creating awareness amongst people and drawing a strong reaction from society, consumers and producers to tackle the bottom line of exploitation.